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Japan's population has fallen below 120 million for the first time in 42 years, standing at 119,736,483 as of early 2025, government data shows. The decline is driven by persistently low birthrates, while foreign resident numbers hit a record high of over 3.3 million, reflecting efforts to offset labor shortages.
Japan's population has fallen to a record low of around 123 million in 2025, the steepest decline ever recorded. The census data underscores the nation's demographic crisis driven by aging and low birth rates. Government policies have so far failed to reverse the trend, with further declines expected.
Japan's child population has fallen for the 45th consecutive year, reaching a record low of 13.29 million as of April 1, 2026, down 350,000 from the previous year. The proportion of children in the total population also hit a new low, underscoring severe demographic challenges.
