World
Mecca Pact: A Turning Point in Shaping a Post-American Middle East Security Architecture
The joint defense agreement signed in Mecca among Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey marks an institutional step toward a new regional security architecture, following the U.S.-Iran war that exposed the limits of Washington-led order. The pact, which treats an attack on one as an attack on all, brings together three major Sunni military powers and signals a post-American Middle East centered on Saudi Arabia.